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Accessory
Structure - A subordinate building that is located on the
same lot as the principle building. |
Coping - A cap or covering at the top edge of a wall, either
flat or sloping, to shed water.
Corbel - A slightly projecting architectural element, usually in masonry, cantilevered from upper exterior walls; usually topped by a cornice or coping. Cornice - A continuous molded projection that crowns or horizontally divides a wall. Demolition - The intentional destruction of all or part of a building or structure. Demolition by neglect - The destruction of a building or structure caused by the failure to perform routine maintenance over a period of time. Display windows - Usually extending from the transom or cornice/frieze to the bulkhead and consisting of one plane of glass, the display window is an essential element that helps to define a building's storefront. Dormer - A vertical window in a projection built out from a sloping roof. Dressing - A building's ornamental detail such as the molded framework around doors and window openings. Eaves - The edge of a roof that projects over an outside wall. Entablature - Usually composed of a cornice, frieze and architrave, it is the horizontal section that rests on a column. Facade - A front of a building or any of its sides that face a public way. Facades are usually noted for their architectural detail. Frame - The fixed portion of a window comprising two jambs, a head and a sill. Frieze - The frieze, located directly below the cornice, is a decorative band. In many cases the frieze was designed in conjunction with the cornice. Gable - Triangular wall segments at the end of a pitched roof. Gambrel Roof - A ridged roof with two slopes on each side, the lower roof having the steeper pitch. General Maintenance - Ordinary maintenance needed to keep a building or structure in good repair and does not require a change in materials |
Gingerbread - A pierced wooden curvilinear ornament, executed
with a jigsaw or scroll saw and located under the eaves of the roof.
Head - The uppermost member of a doorframe or window frame. Hoodmolds - A projecting molding over the arch of a window or door. Hipped Roof - A roof with sloping ends and sides meeting at an inclined projecting angle. Jambs - Either of the vertical sides of an archway, doorway or window opening. Light - A pane of glass in a window or a glazed component of a window. Lintel - A horizontal structural member such as a beam over an opening that carries the weight of the wall above it. Mansard Roof - A roof where the lower part is steeper and a more shallow upper part. Mass - The bulk and shape of a building. Meeting Rail - The rail of each sash in a double-hung window that meets at the rail of the other when the window is closed. Moulding - A slender strip of wood used for ornamentation and finishing. Its profile is shaped to create modulations of light, shade and shadow. Mullions - The vertical members between the lights of a window. Muntins - The grooved member of a window that is used to hold the edges of windowpanes within a sash. Panel - A section that is recessed below or raised above the surrounding area or enclosed by a frame or border. Parapet - A low protective wall that extends above the roofline. Pediment - A wide, low-pitched gable surmounting the facade of a building in a classical style; any similar element used over doors and windows. Piers - Vertical-supporting members that frame an opening such as a window or door. Sometimes designed as a flat column or pilaster, piers are often used to divide storefronts, display windows or the entrance to a building's upper floors. |
Pilaster - Similar to a column, a pilaster is a shallow rectangular
feature that projects from a wall and has a capital and base. Portico- A large porch or covered walk with a roof supported by columns or piers. Preservation - The maintenance and repair of a building's existing historic materials and retention of a property's form as it has evolved over time. Protection - The act or process of applying measures designed to affect the physical condition of a property by defending or guarding it from deterioration, loss or attack. Rail - Horizontal members framing a panel. Reconstruction - New construction to accurately recreate a vanished building or architectural element as it appeared at a specific period of time. The work is based on reliable physical, documentary, or graphic evidence. Rehabilitation - Returning a structure to viable use while preserving its distinctive architectural and historic character. Remodeling - Changing a building without regard to its distinctive, character defining architectural features or style. Restoration - Returning a building to a particular period of time by removing later work and replacing missing earlier work. Reveal - The part of the jamb that is visible between the outer wall surface and window or doorframe. Rhythm - A patterned repetition or alternation of formal elements (doors, windows, porches, etc.) or motifs in the same or a modified form. Ridge - The highest point of a roof or horizontal line where two roof planes meet. Roof - The external covering of a building. Sash - A window's fixed or movable framework in which the panes of glass are set. |
Scale - The apparent size and mass of a building's facade
and form in relation to nearby buildings. Important factors in establishing
the scale of a facade include the physical relationship of elements
such as window area to wall area; the shape and size of fenestration
forms such as the subdivision of windows into lights; the bonding
pattern of the brickwork; and details such as cornices and trim.
Shed Roof - A roof with only one sloping plane. Sill - A horizontal timber at the bottom of a wood frame structure that rests on the foundation. A sill can also be the horizontal bottom member of a window, door, or other frame. Stile - Various vertical members that frame a panel. Soffit - The exposed undersurface of an overhead building component such as a roof. Stabilization - Work to halt deterioration of a building by making it weather tight and structurally stable while awaiting more extensive rehabilitation. Street Wall - The line formed by the facades of buildings set back a common distance from the street. Texture - The visual qualities of a building's surface separate from its color and form. Transom - A window or series of windows located above a door or display window, transoms are usually made of glass. In commercial building they can be seen as an extension of the display window and for this reason, provide an excellent location for signage. Veranda - A covered and partly enclosed porch or balcony extending along the sides of a building and used for natural ventilation and shading. Vernacular - A style of architecture that uses the commonest building techniques that are based on the forms and materials of a particular period, region or group of people. Trim - Finished woodwork used to decorate, border or protect the edges of openings such as doors and entrances. |